Question 1: A client with type 1 diabetes is experiencing polyuria, polydipsia, and a fruity odor to their breath. What is the nurse’s priority intervention?
Rationale: Checking blood glucose and urine for ketones helps confirm diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), guiding the next steps in treatment.
Question 2: A client with diabetes asks how to prevent long-term complications like nephropathy. What is the nurse’s best response?
Rationale: Tight control of blood sugar and blood pressure is key to preventing diabetic nephropathy and preserving kidney function.
Question 3: A client with diabetes is prescribed insulin aspart. When should the nurse instruct the client to administer this insulin?
Rationale: Insulin aspart is a rapid-acting insulin and should be administered 5-10 minutes before meals to control postprandial blood sugar levels.
Question 4: A nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about foot care. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
Rationale: Walking barefoot increases the risk of injury and infection in clients with diabetes and should be avoided.
Question 5: A client with diabetes is starting therapy with empagliflozin. What should the nurse emphasize during teaching?
Rationale: Empagliflozin increases glucose excretion in urine, leading to increased urination, which is a common side effect clients should expect.
