Question 1: A client with diabetes is experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia. What is the nurse’s first action?
Rationale: For a conscious client with hypoglycemia, providing 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate is the immediate treatment.
Question 2: A nurse is teaching a client about foot care for diabetes. Which statement indicates the client needs further teaching?
Rationale: Walking barefoot increases the risk of foot injuries and infections and should be avoided, particularly in clients with diabetes.
Question 3: A client with diabetes asks about the dawn phenomenon. What is the nurse’s best explanation?
Rationale: The dawn phenomenon is caused by hormonal changes during the night that lead to early morning hyperglycemia.
Question 4: A client with diabetes is starting metformin. What is the most important teaching point?
Rationale: Metformin can impact kidney function, so regular monitoring is essential. It also minimizes the risk of lactic acidosis in clients with renal impairment.
Question 5: A client with type 1 diabetes is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the nurse’s priority intervention?
Rationale: The priority intervention in DKA is to rehydrate the client with IV fluids (normal saline) to restore circulatory volume and prevent shock.
