Question 1: A client with diabetes reports experiencing hypoglycemia in the middle of the night. What is the nurse’s best response?
Rationale: Adjusting the insulin dose may prevent nocturnal hypoglycemia, often related to the Somogyi effect or insulin timing.
Question 2: A client with diabetes is admitted with cellulitis in the lower leg. What is the nurse’s priority action?
Rationale: Administering antibiotics is the priority to address the infection and prevent sepsis or further complications.
Question 3: A nurse is teaching a client with type 1 diabetes about using an insulin pump. Which statement by the client indicates effective learning?
Rationale: Clients using an insulin pump must monitor their blood sugar regularly to ensure proper glucose control and adjust bolus doses.
Question 4: A client with diabetes is prescribed canagliflozin. Which side effect should the nurse monitor for?
Rationale: Canagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, increases the risk of urinary tract infections due to higher glucose concentrations in urine.
Question 5: A client with diabetes is being treated for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS). Which intervention is the priority?
Rationale: In HHS, correcting dehydration with IV fluids is the priority as severe dehydration is the primary cause of symptoms and complications.
