Question 1: A client with diabetes is admitted with confusion and fruity-smelling breath. What is the nurse’s priority intervention?
Rationale: The priority is to correct dehydration with IV fluids, which addresses a primary cause of symptoms in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Question 2: A client with type 1 diabetes reports morning hyperglycemia. What is the nurse’s best response?
Rationale: The dawn phenomenon, caused by early morning hormone surges, can lead to hyperglycemia. This requires adjusting evening insulin or monitoring overnight levels.
Question 3: A nurse is caring for a client with type 2 diabetes who is prescribed empagliflozin. What is the most important teaching point?
Rationale: Empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, increases glucose excretion in urine, leading to frequent urination. This is a common side effect clients should expect.
Question 4: A client with diabetes is being treated for diabetic neuropathy. Which medication is most likely prescribed to manage the pain?
Rationale: Gabapentin is commonly prescribed to manage the nerve pain associated with diabetic neuropathy.
Question 5: A client with diabetes is scheduled for a fasting blood glucose test. What instruction should the nurse provide?
Rationale: For a fasting blood glucose test, the client should not eat or drink anything except water for at least 8 hours to ensure accurate results.
