Question 1: A client with type 2 diabetes reports they have been skipping meals due to a busy schedule. What is the nurse’s priority teaching point?
Rationale: Skipping meals can lead to hypoglycemia, particularly for clients on medications that lower blood sugar, such as insulin or sulfonylureas. Consistent eating patterns are crucial for managing diabetes.
Question 2: A client with diabetes asks how alcohol affects blood sugar levels. What is the nurse’s best response?
Rationale: Alcohol can cause hypoglycemia, particularly when consumed on an empty stomach. It inhibits the liver’s ability to release glucose into the blood, leading to lower blood sugar levels.
Question 3: A nurse is teaching a client about the Somogyi effect. What is the key feature of this condition?
Rationale: The Somogyi effect refers to early morning hyperglycemia caused by the body’s response to overnight hypoglycemia. It may require adjustments in nighttime insulin or snacks.
Question 4: A client with diabetes is prescribed insulin glargine. What is the nurse’s priority teaching point?
Rationale: Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin providing steady glucose control for 24 hours. It should not be mixed with other insulins and does not have a significant peak.
Question 5: A client with diabetes is planning to exercise. What should the nurse emphasize?
Rationale: Exercise should be avoided if blood sugar is above 250 mg/dL and ketones are present, as this could worsen hyperglycemia and increase ketone production.
